Some Internal Contradictions of Qur'an (part 5)

36.Was Pharaoh Drowned or Saved when chasing Moses and the Israelites? Saved [10:92], drowned
[28:40, 17:103, 43:55].

37.When Commanded Pharaoh the Killing of the Sons? When Moses was a Prophet and spoke God's
truth to Pharaoh [40:23-25] or when he was still an infant [20:38-39]?

38.When/how are the fates determined? "The night of power is better than a thousand months. The
angels and spirit descend therein, by the permission of their Lord, with all decrees." [97:3,4] "Lo!
We revealed it on a blessed night." [44:3] To Muslims, the "Night of Power" is a blessed night on
which fates are settled and on which everything relating to life, death, etc., which occurs
throughout the year is decreed. It is said to be the night on which Allah's decrees for the year are
brought down to the earthly plane. In other words, matters of creation are decreed a year at a time.
Contradicting this, Sura 57:22 says, "No affliction befalls in the earth or in your selves, but it is in
a Book before we create it." This means it is written in the Preserved Tablet, being totally fixed in
Allah's knowledge before anyone was created. All of the above is contradicted by "And every
man's fate We have fastened to his own neck." This says that man alone is responsible for what he
does and what happens to him. [17:13]

39.Wine: Good or bad? Strong drink and ... are only an infamy of Satan's handiwork. [5:90, also
2:219]. Yet on the other hand in Paradise are rivers of wine [47:15, also 83:22,25]. How does
Satan's handiwork get into Paradise?

40.Will all Muslims go to Hell? According to Sura 19:71 every Muslim will go to Hell (for at least
some time), while another passage states that those who die in Jihad will go to Paradise
immediately.

41.Will Jesus burn in Hell? Jesus is raised to Allah, [Sura 4:158], near stationed with him [Sura 3:45],
worshiped by millions of Christians, yet Sura Sura 21:98 says, that all that are worshiped by men
besides Allah will burn in Hell together with those who worship them.

42.Jinns and men created for worship or for Hell? Created only to serve God [Sura 51:56], many of
them made for Hell [Sura 7:179].

43.Who is the father of Jesus? A more involved argument that is difficult to summarize in one
sentence.

44. Begetting and Self-sufficiency A self-contradiction on account of confused terminology.

45. Could Allah have a son? Sura 39:4 affirms and Sura 6:101 denies this possibility.

46.Did Jesus Die already? Surah 3:144 states that all messengers died before Muhammad. But 4:158
claims that Jesus was raised to God (alive?).

47.One Creator or many? The Qur'an uses twice the phrase that Allah is "the best of creators" [23:14,
37:125]. What other creators are in mind? On the other hand, many verses make clear that Allah
alone is "the creator of all things" [e.g. 39:62]. There is nothing left for others to be a creator of.

48.From among all nations or from Abraham's seed? Surah 29:27 states that all prophets came
Abraham's seed. But 16:36 claims that Allah raised messengers from among every people.

49.Marrying the wives of adopted sons? It is important that Muslims can marry the divorced wives of
adopted sons [Sura 33:37], yet it is forbidden to adopt sons [Sura 33:4-5].

Some Internal Contradictions of Qur'an (part 4)

 26.The "pleasure" of Allah? Is God's action of punishment or mercy and guidance or misguidance arbitrary?  
27.Did Abraham smash the idols? The accounts of Abraham, Suras 19:41-49, 6:74-83 differ quite a bit from Sura 21:51-59. While in Sura 21 Abraham confronts his people strongly, and even destroys the idols, in Sura 19 Abraham shuts up after his father threatens him to stone him for speaking out against the idols. And he seems not only to become silent, but even to leave the area ("turning away from them all"). 
28.What about Noah's son? According to Sura 21:76, Noah and his family is saved from the flood, and Sura 37:77 confirms that his seed survived. But Sura 11:42-43 reports that Noah's son drowns.  
29.Was Noah driven out? "Before them *the people of Noah* rejected (their messenger): They rejected Our servant and said, 'Here is One possessed!' And he was driven out." [Sura 54:9] Now, if he is driven out [expelled from their country] how come they can scoff at him while he is buiding the ark since we read "Forthwith he (starts) constructing the Ark: Every time that the Chiefs of *his people* passed by him, they threw ridicule on him." [Sura 11:38] He cannot be both: Driven out and near enough that they can regularly pass by. 
30.Pharaoh's repentance in the face of death? According to Sura 10:90-92, Pharaoh repented "in the sight of death" and was saved. But Sura 4:18 says that such a thing can't happen. 30.
 31.Abrogation? "The words of the Lord are perfect in truth and justice; there is NONE who can change His words." [Sura 6:115] Also see 6:34 and 10:65. But then Allah (Muhammad?) sees the need to exchange some of them for "better ones" [Sura 2:106, 16:101]. And it is not for ignorant people to question Allah because of such practices! 
 32.Guiding to truth? "Say: 'God - He guides to the truth; and which is worthier to be followed ...?" [Sura 10:35] But how much is left over of this worthiness when we also read: "Allah leads astray whom he pleases, and he guides whom He pleases, ..." [Sura 14:4]. And how do we know in which of Allah's categories of pleasure we fall? How sure can a Muslim be that he is one of those guided right and not one of those led astray? 
33.What is the punishment for adultery? Flogging with a 100 stripes (men and women) [24:2], "confine them to houses until death do claim them (lifelong house arrest - for the women) [4:15]. For men: "If they repent and amend, leave them alone" [4:16]. 24:2 contradicts both the procedure for women and men in Sura 4. And why is the punishment for women and men equal in Sura 24 but different in Sura 4?
34. Contradictions in the Qur'an http://www.answering-islam.org/quran/contra/index.html (5 of 11) [5/24/2017 9:34:41 PM] Will Christians enter Paradise or go to Hell? Sura 2:62 and 5:69 say "Yes", Sura 5:72 (just 3 verses later) and 3:85 say "No". 
35.God alone or also men? Clear or incomprehensible? The Qur'an is "clear Arabic speech." [16:103] Yet "NONE knows its interpretation, save only Allah." [3:7]. Actually, "men of understanding do grasp it." [3:7]

Some Internal Contradictions of Qur'an (part 3)

13.Are angels protectors? "NO protector besides Allah" [2:107, 29:22]. But in Sura 41:31 the angels themselves say: "We are your protectors in this life and the Hereafter." And also in other suras is their role described as guarding [13:11, 50:17-18] and protecting [82:10]. 

14. Is everything devoutly obedient to Allah? That is the claim in 30:26, but dozens of verses speak of the proud disobedience of Satan [7:11, 15:28-31, 17:61, 20:116, 38:71-74, 18:50] as well of many different human beings who reject His commands and His revelations. 

 15. Does Allah forgive shirk? Shirk is considered the worst of all sins, but the author of the Qur'an seems seems unable to decide if Allah will ever forgive it or not. No [4:48, 116], Yes [4:153, 25:68-71]. Abraham committed this sin of polytheism as he takes moon, sun, stars to be his Lord [6:76-78], yet Muslims believe that all prophets are without any sin. 

16. The event of worship of the golden calf: The Israelites repented about worshipping the golden calf BEFORE Moses returned from the mountain [7:149], yet they refused to repent but rather continued to worship the calf until Moses came back [20:91]. Does Aaron share in their guilt? No [20:85-90], yes [20:92, 7:151]. 

 17.Was Jonah cast on the desert shore or was he not? "Then We cast him on a desert shore while he was sick" [37:145] "Had not Grace from his Lord reached him, he would indeed have been cast off on the naked shore while he was reprobate." [68:49].

18. Moses and the Injil? Jesus is born more than 1,000 years after Moses, but in 7:157 Allah speaks to Moses about what is written in the Injil [the book given to Jesus].

19.Can slander of chaste women be forgiven? Yes [24:5], No [24:23]. 

20. How do we receive the record on Judgment Day? On Judgement day the lost people are given the Record (of their bad deeds): Behind their back [84:10], or in their left hand [69:25]. 

21.Can angels disobey? No angel is arrogant, they all obey Allah [16:49-50], but: "And behold, we said to the ANGELS: 'Bow down to Adam'. And THEY bowed down, EXCEPT Iblis. He refused and was haughty." [2:34].

 22.Three contradictions in 2:97 and 16:101-103 Who brings the revelation from Allah to Muhammad? The ANGEL Gabriel [297], or the Holy Spirit [16:102]? The new revelation confirms the old [2:97] or substitutes it [16:101]? The Qur'an is PURE Arabic [16:103] but there are numerous foreign, non-Arabic words in it.

23.The infinite loop problem Sura 26:192,195,196: "It (the Qur'an) is indeed a revelation from the Lord of the Worlds, ... in clear Arabic speech and indeed IT (the Qur'an) is in the writings of the earlier (prophets)." Now, the 'earlier writings' are the Torah and the Injil for example, written in Hebrew and Greek. HOW can an ARABIC Qur'an be contained in books of other languages? Furthermore, it would have to contain this very passage of the Qur'an since the Qur'an is properly contained in them. Hence these earlier writings have to be contained in yet other earlier writings and we are in an infinite loop, which is absurd. 

24."An old woman" and God's character About the story of Lot: "So we delivered him and his family, - all exept an old woman who lingered behind." [Sura 26:170-171] And again: "But we saved him and his family, exept his wife: she was of those who lagged behind. [Sura 7:83]. Either this is a contradiction or if indeed Lot's wife is derogatorily called "an old woman" then this does not show much respect for her as a wife of a prophet.

25.More problems with the story of Lot "And his people gave NO answer but this: They said, "Drive them out of your city: these are indeed men who want to be clean and pure!" [Sura 7:82 & 27:56]. Yet: "But his people gave NO answer but this: They said: "Bring us the Wrath of Allah if thou tellest the truth." [Sura 29:29]. Obviously these answers are different.

Some Internal Contradictions of Qur'an (part 2)

6. Heavens or Earth? Which was created first? First earth and then heaven [2:29], heaven and after that earth [79:27-30]

7. Calling together or ripping apart? In the process of creation      heaven and earth were first apart and are called to come together      [41:11], while 21:30 states that they were originally one piece          and then ripped apart. 

8. What was man created from? A blood clot [96:1-2], water          [21:30, 24:45, 25:54], "sounding" (i.e. burned) clay [15:26], dust      [3:59, 30:20, 35:11], nothing [19:67] and this is then denied in          52:35, earth [11:61], a drop of thickened fluid [16:4, 75:37]

9.Where is Allah and his throne? Allah is nearer than the jugular    vein [50:16], but he is also on the throne [57:4] which is upon         the water [11:7], and at the same time so far away, that it takes         between 1,000 and 50,000 years to reach reach him [32:5, 70:4].  

10. Contradictions in the Qur'an http://www.answering-                  islam.org/quran/contra/index.html (3 of 11) [5/24/2017 9:34:41        PM] The origin of calamity? Is the evil in our life from Satan          [38:41], Ourselves [4:79], or Allah [4:78]? 

11. How merciful is Allah's mercy? He has prescribed mercy for      himself [6:12], yet he does not guide some, even though he              could [6:35, 14:4].  

12. Will there be inquiry in Paradise? "neither will they question      one another" [23:101] but nevertheless they will be "engaging          in mutual inquiry" [52:25], "and they will ... question one                another" [37:27].

Some Internal Contradictions of Qur'an

1.  Sura 4:11-12 and 4:176 state the Qur'anic inheritance law. When a man dies, and is leaving behind three daughters, his two parents and his wife, they will receive the respective shares of 2/3 for the 3 daughters together, 1/3 for the parents together [both according to verse 4:11] and 1/8 for the wife [4:12] which adds up to more than the available estate. A second example: A man leaves only his mother, his wife and two sisters, then they receive 1/3 [mother, 4:11], 1/4 [wife, 4:12] and 2/3 [the two sisters, 4:176], which again adds up to 15/12 of the available property.

2. How many angels were talking to Mary? When the Qur'an speaks about the announciation of the birth of Jesus to the virgin Mary, Sura 3:42,45 speaks about (several) angels while it is only one in Sura 19:17-21

3. Further numerical discrepancies Does Allah's day equal to 1,000 human years (Sura 22:47, 32:5) or 50,000 human years (Sura 70:4)? --- How many gardens are there in paradise? ONE [as stated in 39:73, 41:30, 57:21, 79:41] or MANY [18:31, 22:23, 35:33, 78:32]? --- According to Sura 56:7 there will be THREE distinct groups of people at the Last Judgement, but 90:18-19, 99:6-8, etc. mention only TWO groups. --- There are conflicting views on who takes the souls at death: THE Angel of Death [32:11], THE angels (plural) [47:27] but also "It is Allah that takes the souls (of men) at death." [39:42] Angels have 2, 3, or 4 pairs of wings [35:1]. But Gabriel had 600 wings. [Sahih Bukhari, Volume 4, Book 54, Number 455]

4. Six or eight days of creation? Sura 7:54, 10:3, 11:7, and 25:59 clearly state that God created "the heavens and the earth" in six days. But in 41:9-12 the detailed description of the creation procedure adds up to eight days.

5. Quick or Slow Creation? Allah creates the heavens and the earth in six days [7:54] and many Muslims want to be modern and scientific, and make that six eons, but then again, He creates instantaneously [2:117], "Be! And it is". 

جبر و اختیار انسان( ادامه پست قبل)

ﻣﻔﺴﺮان و ﻣﺘﻜﻠﻤﻴﻦ ﺑﺮاي ﺣﻞ اﻳﻦ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻣﻌﻀﻞ ﺗﻀﺎد آﻳﺎت ﺟﺒﺮ و  ﮔﻔﺘﻪ اﻧﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر از ﮔﻤﺮاه ﻳﺎ ﻫﺪاﻳﺖ ﻛﺮدن ﺧﺪا، اذن ﺧﺪاﺳﺖ . ﭼﻨﺎﻧﭽﻪ در آﻳﻪ زﻳﺮ آﻣﺪه اﺳﺖ:  -ﻳﻌﻘِﻻََ ﻟِﻨَﻔْﺲٍ أَن ﺗُﺆْﻣِﻦَ إِﻻﱠ ﺑِﺈِذْنِ اﻟﻠّﻪِ وﻳﺠﻌﻞُ اﻟﺮﱢﺟﺲﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﱠﺬِﻳﻦ َ وﻣﺎ ﻛَﺎن ﻠُﻮن  (100 )ﻳﻮﻧﺲ ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪ : و ﻫﻴﭻ ﻛﺲ را ﻧﺮﺳﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺟﺰ ﺑﻪ اذن ﺧﺪا اﻳﻤﺎن ﺑﻴﺎورد و]ﺧﺪا [ ﺑﺮ ﻛﺴﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻤﻰ اﻧﺪﻳﺸﻨﺪ ﭘﻠﻴﺪى را ﻗﺮار ﻣﻰ     ( 100)دﻫﺪ ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﺧﺪا اﺟﺎزه داده اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺮدم ﺑﺎ ﻋﻠﻞ و ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ و ﻋﻘﻞ و اﺧﺘﻴﺎر، ﮔﻤﺮاه و ﻳﺎ ﻫﺪاﻳﺖ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ، ﻧﻪ اﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺧﺪا ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﺎ و ﺑﺪ ﻛﻨﺪ ون دﺧﺎﻟﺖ اراده ي ﺑﺸﺮ او را ﮔﻤﺮاه ﻳﺎ ﻫﺪاﻳﺖ  . ﺑﻪ ﺗﻌﺒﻴﺮ دﻳﮕﺮ ﺧﺪا در ﻃﻮل ﻋﻠﻞ اﺳﺖ و ﺑﺪﻳﻦ ﻟﺤﺎظ ﻫﻤﻪ ي ﻛﺎرﻫﺎ را ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮان ﺑﻪ ﺧﺪا ﻫﻢ ﻧﺴﺒﺖ داد .اﺳﺖ اﻳﻦ ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻪ ﻋﻮام ﭘﺴﻨﺪي  . اﻣﺎ ﺑﻪ ﭼﻨﺪ اﺳﺖ دﻟﻴﻞ اﻳﻦ ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻪ ﻏﻠﻂ  . اوﻻ :رﺳﺎﻧﻨﺪ اﻣﺜﺎل آﻳﻪ ي ﻓﻮق ﻫﻢ ﺟﺒﺮ را ﻣﻲ  .ﺗ ﻓﺮض ﻛﻨﻴﺪ اﻧﺴﺎﻧﻲ  ﻼش ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻫﺪاﻳﺖ ﺷﻮد وﻟﻲ ﺧﺪا اﺟﺎزه ﻧﻤﻲ دﻫﺪ ﭘﺲ او ﮔﻤﺮاه ﻣﻲ ﻣﺎﻧﺪ و ﺑﻪ ﺟﻬﻨﻢ ﻣﻲ رود .اﺳﺖ اﻳﻨﻬﻢ ﺟﺒﺮ  .ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎ : در ﻗﺮآن ﻫﺮ ﻛﺠﺎ ﻛﻪ اذن ﺧﺪا ﻣﻮرد ﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﻮده ﺑﻪ ﺻﺮاﺣﺖ از ﻟﻐﺖ اذن اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ﺑﻨﺤﻮﻳﻜﻪ در ﻣﻮارد ﺑﺴﻴﺎري اﷲ “ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ دار  ” ﺑﺎذن و ﻳﺎ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ آن در ﻗﺮآن و ﺟﻮد ﻓﻮق د ﻣﺜﻞ آﻳﻪ ي  .ﺛﺎﻟﺜﺎ : اذن ﺑﺎ ﻗﻄﻌﻴﺖ ﻫﺪاﻳﺖ و ﻳﺎ ﻗﻄﻌﻴﺖ ﮔﻤﺮاﻫﻲ ﻧﻤﻲ ﺳﺎزد . ﻳﻌﻨﻲ اﮔﺮ ﻛﺴﻲ ﺑﺮ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻋﻠﻞ و ﻋﻮاﻣﻞ ﻋﺎدي ﻫﺪاﻳﺖ و ﻳﺎ ﮔﻤﺮاه ﺷﻮد، اﻣﻜﺎن ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﻋﻘﻴﺪه اش وﺟﻮد دارد ﻛﻪ از ﻫﺪاﻳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﮔﻤﺮاﻫﻲ و ﻳﺎ از ﮔﻤﺮاﻫﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺪاﻳﺖ ﺑﺮود . اﻣﺎ در

آﻳﺎت ﺟﺒﺮ، ﺧﺪا ﻫﺪاﻳﺖ و ﮔﻤﺮاه ﺷﺪن ﺗﻮﺳﻂ   را، ﻗﻄﻌﻲ ﻗﻠﻤﺪاد ﻛﺮده اﺳﺖ ﭼﻨﺎﻧﭽﻪ ﺑﻌﺪ از ﻫﺪاﻳﺖ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺧﺪا، ﻫﻴﭻ ﻋﺎﻣﻠﻲ ﻧﻤﻲ ﺗﻮاﻧﺪ ﻓﺮد را ﮔﻤﺮاه ﻛﻨﺪ و ﺑﺎﻟﻌﻜﺲ . ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﻳﻦ ﻣﻨﻈﻮر، ﻫﺪاﻳﺖ و ﮔﻤﺮاه ﻛﺮدن اﺟﺒﺎري ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺧﺪا ﺑﺪون دﺧﺎﻟﺖ اراده ي ﺑﺸﺮ اﺳﺖ.  ﭼﻬﺎرم اﻳﻨﻜﻪ اﮔﺮ ﺧﻮاﺳﺖ ﺧﺪا را ﺻﺮﻓﺎ اﺟﺎزه ي ﺧﺪا ﺗﻠﻘﻲ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ، ﺧﻮاﺳﺖ ﺧﺪا در ﻛﻠﻴﻪ  ي آﻳﺎت ﻓﻮق ﻣﺸﺮوط ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮاﺳﺖ ﺑﺸﺮ ﻣﻲ ﺷﻮد و ﺑﺎ ﻗﻄﻌﻴﺖ ﺧﻮاﺳﺖ ﺧﺪا ﻧﺎﺳﺎزﮔﺎر ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺑﻮد . ﻓﺮض ﻛﻨﻴﺪ ﻛﺴﻲ را ﺧﺪا ﻣﻲ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﮔﻤﺮاه ﻛﻨﺪ اﻣﺎ آن ﻓﺮد ﺧﻮدش ﻧﺨﻮاﻫﺪ ﮔﻤﺮاه ﺷﻮد در اﻳﻨﺼﻮرت ﺧﻮاﺳﺖ ﺧﺪا ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ﻧﻤﻲ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ وﺑﺎﻟﻌﻜﺲ و اﻳﻦ ﺑﺎ ﻗﻄﻌﻴﺖ ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در آﻳﺎت ﺟﻮر در ﻧﻤﻲ آﻳﺪ .دا در ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺖ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ  دن ﻣﻌﻨﻲ ﺧﻮاﺳﺖ ﺧﺪا ﺑﻪ اﺳﺖ اذن ﺧﺪا ﻣﻌﺎدل ﺑﺴﺘﻦ دﺳﺖ ﺧﺪاﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻗﺮآن آﻧﺮا ﻧﻔﻲ ﻛﺮده :   - ﺑﻞْ ﻳﺪاه ْﻮاُ ﺑِﻤﺎ ﻗَﺎﻟ ْ ﻳﺪاﻟﻠّﻪِ ﻣﻐْﻠُﻮﻟَﺔٌ ﻏُﻠﱠﺖأَﻳﺪِﻳﻬِﻢوﻟُﻌِﻨُﻮا وﻗَﺎﻟَﺖِ اﻟْﻴﻬﻮد )  ﻳﻨﻔِﻖُ ﻛَﻴﻒﻳﺸَﺎء ِ ﻣﺒﺴﻮﻃَﺘَﺎن  (64ﻣﺎﺋﺪه ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪ :دﺳﺖ ﻳﻬﻮد ﮔﻔﺘﻨﺪ  ﺧﺪ ا ﺑﺴﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ دﺳﺘﻬﺎى ﺧﻮدﺷﺎن ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﺎد و ﺑﻪ ] ﺳﺰاى [رﺣﻤﺖ آﻧﭽﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻨﺪ از   ﺧﺪا دور ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﺑﻠﻜﻪ ﻫﺮ دو دﺳﺖ او ﮔﺸﺎده  اﺳﺖ ﻫﺮ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﺨﻮاﻫﺪ ﻣﻰ  (64)  ﺑﺨﺸﺪ در اﻳﻦ آﻳﻪ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺧﻮاﺳﺖ ﺧﺪا ﻣﺸﺮوط ﺑﻪ ﻫﻴﭻ ﺷﺮط ﻳﺎ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ دﻳﮕﺮي ﻧﻴﺴﺖ.  

   وﺟﻮ در دو آﻳﻪ ي ﭘﺸﺖ ﺳﺮﻫﻢ زﻳﺮ ﺑﺼﺮاﺣﺖ اﻳﻦ ﺗﻀﺎد  د دارد دﻗﺖ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ:  

- ﺎؤُﻧَﺎ وﻻَ ﺣﺮﱠﻣﻨَﺎ ﻣِﻦ ﺷَﻲءٍ ﻟَﻮﺷَﺎء اﻟﻠّﻪﻣﺎ أَﺷْﺮَﻛْﻨَﺎ وﻻَ آﺑ ْ أَﺷْﺮَﻛُﻮا َ اﻟﱠﺬِﻳﻦ ُ ﺳﻴﻘُﻮل  ﺑﺄْﺳﻨَﺎ ﻗُﻞْ ﻫﻞْ ﻋِﻨﺪﻛُﻢ ﻣﻦْ ﻋِﻠْﻢٍ ْﻮاُ ﻣِﻦ ﻗَﺒﻠِﻬِﻢ ﺣﺘﱠﻰ ذَاﻗ َ ﻛَﺬَﻟِﻚﻛَﺬﱠباﻟﱠﺬِﻳﻦ َ ﻟَﻨَﺎ إِن ﺗَﺘﱠ ﻓَﺘُﺨْﺮِﺟﻮه ﴿ إِﻻﱠ اﻟﻈﱠﻦﱠ وإِنْ أَﻧﺘُﻢإَﻻﱠ ﺗَﺨْﺮُﺻﻮن َ ﺒِﻌﻮن  ﴾148اﻧﻌﺎم ﻗُﻞْ ﻓَﻠِﻠّﻪِ ﴿ َ اﻟْﺤﺠﺔُ اﻟْﺒﺎﻟِﻐَﺔُ ﻓَﻠَﻮﺷَﺎء ﻟَﻬﺪاﻛُﻢأَﺟﻤﻌِﻴﻦ  ﴾149اﻧﻌﺎم ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪ : ﻛﺴﺎﻧﻰ ﻛﻪ ﺷﺮك آوردﻧﺪ ﺑﻪ زودى ﺧﻮاﻫﻨﺪ ﮔﻔﺖ اﮔﺮ ﺧﺪا ﻣﻰ ﻧﻤﻰ ﺧﻮاﺳﺖ ﻧﻪ ﻣﺎ و ﻧﻪ ﭘﺪراﻧﻤﺎن ﺷﺮك   آوردﻳﻢ و ﭼﻴﺰى را ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻢ ﻧﻤﻰ  ﻛﺮدﻳﻢ ﻛﺴﺎﻧﻰ ﻫﻢ ﻛﻪ ﭘﻴﺶ از آﻧﺎن ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺗﻜﺬﻳﺐ ﻛﺮدﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ ﻋﻘﻮﺑﺖ ﻣﺎ را ﭼﺸﻴﺪﻧﺪ ﺑﮕﻮ آﻳﺎ ﻧﺰد ﺷﻤﺎ داﻧﺸﻰ ﻫﺴﺖ ﻛﻪ آن را ﺑﺮاى ﻣﺎ آﺷﻜﺎر ﻛﻨﻴﺪ ﺷﻤﺎ ﺟﺰ از ﮔﻤﺎن ﭘﻴﺮوى ﻧﻤﻰ ﻧﻤﻰ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ و ﺟﺰ دروغ    (148)ﮔﻮﻳﻴﺪ ﺑﮕﻮ ﺑﺮﻫﺎن رﺳﺎ وﻳﮋه ﺧﺪاﺳﺖ و اﮔﺮ ]ﺧﺪا [ﻣﻰ ﻗﻄ ﺧﻮاﺳﺖ  ﻌﺎ ﻫﻤﻪ ﺷﻤﺎ را ﻫﺪاﻳﺖ ﻣﻰ     ( 149)ﻛﺮد 148 در آﻳﻪ ي ﻓﻮق ﻣﺸﺮﻛﺎن ﻣﻲ ﮔﻮﻳﻨﺪ ﮔﻤﺮاﻫﻲ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺨﻮاﺳﺖ ﺧﺪاﺳﺖ ﺳﭙﺲ در ﻫﻤﺎن آﻳﻪ آﻧﺎﻧﺮا دروﻏﮕﻮ ﻣﻲ ﺧﻮاﻧﺪ ﻳﻌﻨﻲ اﻳﻦ ﺳﺨﻨﺸﺎن ﻛﻪ " ﺧﺪا اﮔﺮ ﻣﻲ ﺧﻮاﺳﺖ ﻣﺎ ﺑﺖ ﭘﺮﺳﺖ ﻧﻤﻲ ﺷﺪﻳﻢ"اﺳﺖ دروغ  . اﻣﺎ ﺑﻼﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ در آﻳﻪ ي ﺑﻌﺪ ﺳﺨﻦ ﻣﺸﺮﻛﺎن را ﺗﺎﻳﻴﺪ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ اﮔﺮ  ﺧﺪا ﻣﻲ ﺧﻮاﺳﺖ ﻫﻤﮕﺎن ﺑﻄﻮر ﻗﻄﻌﻲ ﻫﺪاﻳﺖ ﻣﻲ ﺷﺪﻧﺪ   . ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ در دو آﻳﻪ ي زﻳﺮ در ﻣﻮرد ﺟﺒﺮ و اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﺗﻨﺎﻗﺾ وﺟﻮد دارد دﻗﺖ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ:   -   ﴾55ﻣﺪﺛﺮ﴿ ﻓَﻤﻦ ﺷَﺎء ذَﻛَﺮَهإِﻟﱠﺎ أَن ﻳﺸَﺎء اﻟﻠﱠﻪﻫﻮأَﻫﻞُ اﻟﺘﱠﻘْﻮى َ وﻣﺎ ﻳﺬْﻛُﺮُون ﴿ وأَﻫﻞُ اﻟْﻤﻐْﻔِﺮَةِ  ﴾56ﻣﺪﺛﺮ

ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪ :ﻫﺮ آن ﻛﺲ ﺑﺨﻮاﻫﺪ از ) ﻗﺮآن(ﻣﻰ ﭘﻨﺪ   (55)   ﮔﻴﺮد و ﻫﻴﭻ ﻛﺲ ﭘﻨﺪ ﻧﻤﻰ ﺑﺨﻮاﻫﺪ ﮔﻴﺮد ﻣﮕﺮ اﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﺧﺪا     (56 ) او اﻫﻞ ﺗﻘﻮا و اﻫﻞ آﻣﺮزش اﺳﺖ اﮔﺮ ﭘﻨﺪ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ از ﻗﺮآن ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮاﺳﺖ ﺧﺪاﺳﺖ ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﻣﺜﻼ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻲ ﺧﻮاﻫﻢ ﭘﻨﺪ ﺑﮕﻴﺮم وﻟﻲ ﺧﻮاﺳﺖ ﺧﺪا ﻧﻴﺴﺖ و ﻳﺎ ﻣﻲ ﺧﻮاﻫﻢ ﺳﺮﭘﻴﭽﻲ ﻛﻨﻢ وﻟﻲ ﺧﻮاﺳﺖ ﺧﺪاﻧﻴﺴﺖ و در ﻫﻴ ﭻ ﻣﻮردي ﺧﻮاﺳﺖ و اراده ي ﻣﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ﻧﻤﻲ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ. اﻳﻦ ﭼﻪ ﺧﻮاﺳﺘﻦ و اراده اي اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ اﻧﺴﺎن ﻧﺴﺒﺖ داده ﺷﺪه در ﺣﺎﻟﻴﻜﻪ ﺑﻲ اﺛﺮ اﺳﺖ . ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﻳﻦ در ﺑﻴﻦ اﻳﻦ دو آﻳﻪ ﺗﻨﺎﻗﺾ آﺷﻜﺎر وﺟﻮد دارد در آﻳﻪ ي اول اﻧﺴﺎن را ﻣﺨﺘﺎر و در آﻳﻪ ي دوم اﻧﺴﺎن را ﻣﺠﺒﻮر ﻗﻠﻤﺪاد ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ.     اﻳﻦ ﺗﻀﺎد ﺑﻮﻓﻮ ر در ﻗﺮآن و دارد اﺣﺎدﻳﺚ وﺟﻮد  . اﻳﻦ ﺗﻨﺎﻗﺾ ﮔﻮﺋﻲ ﺑﺨﻮﺑﻲ ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﻲ دﻫﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ در ﻣﻮرد ﺟﺒﺮ و اﺧﺘﻴﺎر دﭼﺎر ﺳﺮدرﮔﻤﻲ ﺑﻮده و ﻣﺮﺗﺐ از اﻳﻦ ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﺑﻪ آن ﺷﺎﺧﻪ ﻣﻲ ﭘﺮﻳﺪه اﺳﺖ . واﻗﻌﻴﺖ اﻳﻨﺴﺖ ﻛﻪ اﻳﻦ ﺗﻀﺎد  ) اﺧﺘﻴﺎرﻳﺎ اﻧﺴﺎن ﻋﺪم اﺧﺘﻴﺎر  ( در ﻗﺮآن وﺟﻮد دارد و ﺗﻼش ﻣﻔﺴﺮان ﻫﻢ ﺑﺮاي ﻛﻤﻚ ﺑﻪ ﻣ ﺳﺖ ﺤﻤﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎﺋﻲ ﻧﺮﺳﻴﺪه ا . ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﺗﻀﺎد ﻣﻮﺟﻮد در ﻗﺮآن ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﻋﺎﻟﻤﺎن ﺑﺰرگ ﻣﺴﻠﻤﺎن ﺑﻪ دو دﺳﺘﻪ ي ﻣﻌﺘﺰﻟﻪ  ) ﻛﻪ ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪ ﺑﻪ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ ( و اﺷﺎﻋﺮه)ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ و ﺻﻮﻓﻴﻪ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺒﺮ  (ﺷﺪ . و ﺑﺨﺎﻃﺮ اﻳﻦ ﺗﻀﺎد، ﻣﺴﻠﻤﺎﻧﺎن ﻫﻤﻴﺸﻪ در ﻧﻮﻋﻲ ﺳﺮدرﮔﻤﻲ، در ﺑﺮزﺧﻲ از ﺟﺒﺮ و اﺧﺘﻴﺎر، ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﮔﺮاﺋﻲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ و اﺣﺴﺎس ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﻴﺖ زﻧﺪﮔﻲ ﻣﻲ  . وﺟﻮد اﻳﻦ ﺗﻀﺎد ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﺆﻳﺪ ﻏﻴﺮ اﻟﻬﻲ ﺑﻮدن ﻗﺮآن اﺳﺖ و ﻧﺸﺎن ﻣﻲ  دﻫﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﺟﺒﺮ و اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﺑﺮاي ﺧﻮد ﻣﺤﻤﺪ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺣﻞ ﻧﺸﺪه ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ . ﻣﺤﻤﺪ از ﻃﺮﻓﻲ ﻣﻲ ﺧﻮاﺳﺘﻪ ﻣﺮدم را

ﺑﻪ ﺗﻼش وادارد و ﻻزم ﺑﻮده ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮاي آﻧﺎن اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻓﺮض ﻛﻨﺪ و از ﻃﺮف دﻳﮕﺮ ﻣﻲ ﺧﻮا ﺳﺘﻪ ﺧﺪا را ﻫﻤﻪ ﻛﺎره ي ﺑﻲ ﻗﻴﺪ و ﺷﺮط ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﻛﻨﺪ و ﺗﺮس را از ﭘﻴﺮواﻧﺶ ﺑﺰداﻳﺪ ﻃﺒﻌﺎ ﻻزم ﺑﻮده ﻛﻪ ﻫﻤﻪ ﭼﻴﺰ را ﺗﻨﻬﺎ در دﺳﺖ ﺧﺪا ﻗﻠﻤﺪاد ﻛﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ ﻣﺴﻠﻤﺎﻧﺎن ﺑﺪون ﺗﺮس از ﺷﻤﺸﻴﺮ دﺷﻤﻦ، ﺑﺎ ﺗﺼﻮر اﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﻣﺮگ آﻧﺎن ﺻﺮﻓﺎ ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺧﺪاﺳﺖ، ﺧﻮد را ﺑﻪ ﺳﻴﻨﻪ ي ﻟﺸﻜﺮ دﺷﻤﻦ ﺑﺰﻧﻨﺪ.  ﻋﺪه اي ﺑﺮاي رﻓﻊ اﻳ ﻦ ﺗﻀﺎد، آﻳﺎت ﺟﺒﺮ و اﺧﺘﻴﺎر را ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﺟﻤﻊ ﻣﻲ   و ﺳﻌﻲ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻣﻔﻬﻮﻣﻲ ﻣﺮﻛﺐ از ﻫﺮ دو ﺑﺪﺳﺖ آورﻧﺪ . روش ﺟﻤﻊ ﻛﺮدن ، آﻳﺎت و اﺣﺎدﻳﺚ ﻣﺘﻀﺎد در ﻓﻘﻪ و ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﺑﻜﺎر ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﺪه ﺗﺎ ﺧﻄﺎﻫﺎي ﻣﺤﻤﺪ را ﺑﭙﻮﺷﺎﻧﻨﺪ . اﻳﻦ روش ﺷﺒﻴﻪ روش داﺳﺘﺎن ﻣﻌﺮوﻓﻲ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻼﻧﺼﺮاﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﮔﻔﺘﻪ ﻣﻦ و ﻫﻤﺴﺮم وﺿﻌﻴﺖ آ و ب   ﻫﻮاي ﻓﺮدا را ﻛﺎﻣﻼ درﺳﺖ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻲ ﻣﻲ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ . ﻣﻦ ﻣﻲ ﮔﻮﻳﻢ ﻓﺮدا ﺑﺎران ﻣﻲ آ آﻳﺪ ﻳﺪ و زﻧﻢ ﻣﻲ ﮔﻮﻳﺪ ﻓﺮدا ﺑﺎران ﻧﻤﻲ  . ﻓﺮدا ﭼﻪ ﺑﺎران ﺑﻴﺎﻳﺪ ﭼﻪ ﻧﻴﺎﻳﺪ ﺣﺮف ﻣﺎ دوﺗﺎ درﺳﺖ در ﻣﻲ آﻳﺪ . اﻧﺴﺎن ﻋﺎﻗﻞ )ﺧﺪا ﭼﻪ رﺳﺪ ﺑﻪ  ( ﻫﺮ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ اي ﻛﻪ ﻣﻲ ﮔﻮﻳﺪ درﺳﺖ ﻣﻲ ﮔﻮﻳﺪ ﻧﻪ اﻳﻨﻜﻪ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ اي ﻛﻪ ﻫﺮ ﻳﻚ ﺑ ﺘﻨﻬﺎﺋﻲ ﻏﻠﻄﻨﺪ ﺑﮕﻮﻳﺪ و اﻧﺘﻈﺎر داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻣﺨﺎﻃﺒﺎﻧﺶ ﺧﻄﺎﻫﺎﻳﺶ را درﺳﺖ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ . ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺜﺎل از ﺟﻌﻔﺮ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺤﻤﺪ)ﺷﻴﻌﻴﺎن اﻣﺎم ﺷﺸﻢ  ( اﻻﻣﺮﻳﻦ “ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺷﺪه ﻛﻪ  ” ﻻ ﺟﺒﺮ و ﻻ ﺗﻔﻮﻳﺾ ﺑﻞ اﻣﺮ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﻧﻪ ﺟﺒﺮ اﺳﺖ و ﻧﻪ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﺑﻠﻜﻪ ﺣﺎﻟﺘﻲ اﺳﺖ ﺑﻴﻦ آﻧﺪو . اﻳﻦ ﺟﻤﻊ ﺑﻨﺪي ﺑﺪﻳﻦ ﻧﺤﻮ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ آﻳﺎﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ  ﻣﻔﻬﻮم ﺟﺒﺮ دارﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪودي)ﻧﺴﺒﻲ ﺑﻄﻮر  ( درﺳﺘﻨﺪ ) وﻃﺒﻌﺎ ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪودي ﻏﻠﻄﻨﺪ ( و آﻳﺎﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻔﻬﻮم اﺧﺘﻴﺎر دارﻧﺪ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪي درﺳﺘﻨﺪ و ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪي ﻏﻠﻂ . اﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﻣﻔﺴﺮان ﻫﻴﭽﮕﺎه ﻟﻐﺖ ﻏﻠﻂ را در ﻣﻮرد آﻳﺎت ﻗﺮآﻧﻲ ﺑﻜﺎر

ﻧﻤﻲ ﺑﺮﻧﺪ . اﻣﺎ ﻻزﻣﻪ ي اﻳﻦ ﺟﻤﻊ ﺑﻨﺪي اﻳﻨﺴﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻫﻴﭽﻴﻚ از اﻳﻦ دو دﺳﺘﻪ آﻳﺎت ﺑﺘ ﻧﻴﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻨﻬﺎﺋﻲ درﺳﺖ  . و درﺳﺖ اﻳﻨﺴﺖ ﻛﻪ در اﻋﻤﺎل اﻧﺴﺎن ﻫﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻧﺴﺎن ﻧﻘﺶ دارد و ﻫﻢ ﺧﺪا . اﻳﻦ ﭘﺬﻳﺮش ﺧﻄﺎي ﻧﺴﺒﻲ آﻳﺎت ﺟﺒﺮ و اﺧﺘﻴﺎر، دﻗﻴﻘﺎ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﮕﺮ آﻧﺴﺖ ﻛﻪ اﻳﻦ آﻳﺎت از ﺧﺪا ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ﭼﻮن اﮔﺮ از ﺧﺪا ﺑﻮد، ﺧﺪا ﻣﻲ ﺗﻮاﻧﺴﺖ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ اي ﺑﮕﻮﻳﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻛﺎﻣﻼ درﺳﺖ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ و ﻧﻴﺎزي ﺑﻪ ﺗﻼش اﻧﺴﺎﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺮاي اﺻﻼح آن ﻧﺒﺎﺷﺪ.

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- وربكيخْلُقُ ما يشَاء ويخْتَارما كَانَ لَهمالْخِيرَةُ سبحانَ اللَّهِ وتَعالَى عما

( يشْرِكُونَ (قصص 68

ترجمه: و پروردگار تو هر چه را بخواهد م ىآفريند و اختيار مي كند و آنان

(مردم) اختيارى ندارند منزه اس تخدا و از آنچه [با او] شريك مى گردانند

( برتر است ( 68

آيه ي فوق بصراحت انسان را فاقد اختيار مي داند

- قُل لَّن يصِيبنَا إِلاَّ ما كَتَب اللّهلَنَا هومولاَنَا وعلَى اللّهِ فَلْيتَوكَّلِ الْمؤْمِنُونَ

﴾ 51﴿توبه 

ترجمه: بگو جز آنچه خدا براى ما مقرر داشته هرگز به ما نمى رسد او

( سرپرست ماست و مؤمنان بايد تنها بر خدا توكل كنند ( 51

- ما أَصابمِن مصِيبةٍ فِي الْأَرضِ ولَا فِي أَنفُسِكُمإِلَّا فِي كِتَابٍ من قَبلِ أَن

نَّبرَأَها إِنَّ ذَلِكعلَى اللَّهِ يسِيرٌ ﴿ 22 حديد﴾ لِكَيلَا تَأْسوا علَى ما فَاتَكُم ولَا

﴾ تَفْرَحوا بِما آتَاكُم واللَّهلَا يحِب كُلَّ مخْتَالٍ فَخُورٍ ﴿حديد 23

ترجمه: هيچ مصيبتى نه در زمين و نه در نفسهاى شما نرسد مگر آنكه پيش

از آنكه آن را پديد آوريم در كتابى است اين بر خدا آسان است ( 22 ) تا بر

آنچه از دس تشما رفته اندوهگين نشويد و به آنچه به شما داده است

( شادمانى نكنيد و خدا هيچ خودپسند فخرفروشى را دوست ندارد ( 23

ايندو آيه تصريح در جبر دارند. چون مي گويد سرنوشت شما از قبل در

يك كتاب (كتابي كه در نزد خداست) نوشته شده و همانها به اجراء در مي

آيند بنابراين بشر و علل و عوامل ديگر هيچكاره اند و بهمين دليل بشر

نبايد در نعمت خوشحال شود و در سختي ناراحت. چون چه بخواهد و چه

نخواهد سرنوشت او تحقق مي يابد.